This E-book is the sixth volume of a series that compiles contributions from different areas of the multidisciplinary field of Pharmaceutical Sciences, particularly physical chemistry, food science, toxicology, botany, biochemistry and molecular biology, preventive medicine and public health, pharmacology, physiology, microbiology, and parasitology. The emergence of drug resistance is a major cause for concern in the pharmacotherapy of infectious diseases and cancer.

It is well known that pumping out the drugs from the cell through efflux pumps is one of the mechanisms that account for drug resistance. However, efflux pump mechanisms are not well understood. Chapter 1 sheds light into the role of bilayer lipids that are in the proximity of the efflux pump protein in its folding and function, by addressing the interaction of Escherichia coli lactose permease, therein used as a model efflux pump, with the main inner membrane lipid components, using FRET- and atomic force microscopybased approaches. Polyphenols are a large and heterogeneous class of naturally occurring bioactive compounds, which are mainly present in fruits, vegetables, cereals and their products. Chapter 2 summarizes recent findings about the effects of some polyphenols and polyphenol-rich foods on cardiovascular health, a matter of utmost importance to establish dietary recommendations or even a therapeutic use of polyphenols. Administration of the antiparasitic veterinary drug triclabendazole during the lactating period to animals producing milk for human consumption can result in the appearance of embryotoxic metabolites, particularly triclabendazole sulfoxide, in milk and cheese entering the human food chain. Chapter 3 deals with the assessment of the risk for human embryonic development associated with the daily intake of triclabendazole sulfoxide through maternal milk and cheese consumption during gestation in a rural population of Cajamarca (Peru) where this drug is used in cattle against the endemic fascioliasis